Source note

Toward Hardware-Agnostic Quadrupedal World Models via Morphology Conditioning

World ModelQuadruped LocomotionMorphology ConditioningZero Shot TransferSim To Real

This paper proposes a quadrupedal world model that conditions dynamics on a robot's morphology taken from its USD description. The goal is zero-shot transfer across different quadruped bodies without online adaptation, warm-up, or retraining.

  • Standard robot world models are tied to one hardware setup, so a model trained on one quadruped can fail on another with different limb lengths, mass distribution, or actuator limits.
  • Many transfer methods treat morphology as a hidden variable inferred from motion history. That creates an adaptation delay at the start of deployment and can hurt safety and control quality.
  • Training a separate model for each robot is expensive and blocks scaling to heterogeneous robot fleets.
  • The method builds on DreamerV3 and adds explicit morphology conditioning to the world model, calling the system a Quadrupedal World Model (QWM).
  • A Physical Morphology Encoder extracts a normalized feature vector from the robot's USD file. The features include leg segment lengths, knee configuration, stance geometry, total mass, trunk-mass ratio, and actuator torque density.
  • The model uses a dual-tower encoder: one tower processes proprioceptive observations and one processes the static morphology vector, then fuses them before latent state inference.
  • The recurrent dynamics are also conditioned on morphology at every step, so the latent state does not need to infer static body properties from interaction history.
  • An Adaptive Reward Normalization module rescales rewards per robot using EMA-tracked 5th and 95th return percentiles to keep robots with larger reward magnitudes from dominating training.
  • The paper claims this is the first world model for locomotion that enables zero-shot generalization to unseen quadruped morphologies within the quadrupedal family.
  • It claims deployment on entirely unseen quadrupeds without fine-tuning, adaptation, or warm-up, in both simulation and real robot settings.
  • The excerpt does not provide benchmark tables or final task metrics, so no direct success rate, return, or baseline comparison numbers are available here.
  • The text gives concrete reward-scale examples that motivate normalization: Spot converges around 350 mean reward, ANYmal variants around 25, Unitree A1/Go1/Go2 around 40, and Unitree B2 around 15.
  • The method is described as distribution-bounded: it interpolates within the trained quadrupedal morphology family rather than acting as a universal physics engine.